1. Yuav tsum tau ntxuav lub rov qab osmosis ntau npaum li cas?
Feem ntau, thaum tus txheej txheem flux txo los ntawm 10-15%, los yog tus nqi desalination ntawm lub kaw lus txo los ntawm 10-15%, los yog kev khiav hauj lwm siab thiab txawv siab ntawm seem nce 10-15%, RO system yuav tsum tau ntxuav. . Kev ntxuav zaus yog ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov system pretreatment. Thaum SDI15<3, qhov zaus tu yuav yog 4 zaug hauv ib xyoos; Thaum SDI15 nyob ib puag ncig 5, kev tu ntau zaus yuav raug muab faib ua ob npaug, tab sis kev tu ntau zaus nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag ntawm txhua qhov project.
2. SDI yog dab tsi?
Tam sim no, lub tshuab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm colloid pollution nyob rau hauv cov dej ntws ntawm RO / NF system yog ntsuas cov sedimentation density index (SDI, tseem hu ua cov pa phem blockage Performance index) ntawm cov inflow, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb parameter uas yuav tsum tau. raug txiav txim ua ntej RO tsim. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm RO / NF, nws yuav tsum tau ntsuas tsis tu ncua (rau cov dej saum npoo av, nws ntsuas 2-3 zaug hauv ib hnub). ASTM D4189-82 qhia tus qauv rau qhov kev xeem no. Lub inlet dej ntawm daim nyias nyias yog teev raws li SDI15 tus nqi yuav tsum yog ≤ 5. Cov thev naus laus zis zoo los txo SDI pretreatment suav nrog ntau cov lim dej, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, thiab lwm yam. Ntxiv polydielectric ua ntej lim tuaj yeem ua rau qee zaum txhim kho lub cev lim dej thiab txo tus nqi SDI. .
3. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem rov qab osmosis lossis txheej txheem ion pauv yuav tsum tau siv rau cov dej nkag?
Hauv ntau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig, kev siv ion pauv resin lossis rov qab osmosis yog qhov ua tau, thiab kev xaiv cov txheej txheem yuav tsum txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib piv nyiaj txiag. Feem ntau, qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntsev, kev lag luam ntau dua qhov rov qab osmosis yog, thiab qis dua cov ntsiab lus ntsev, qhov kev lag luam ion pauv ntau dua. Vim qhov muaj koob meej ntawm kev thim rov qab osmosis thev naus laus zis, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab osmosis + ion pauv txheej txheem lossis ntau theem rov qab osmosis lossis rov qab osmosis + lwm yam kev sib sib zog nqus desalination thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua kev lees paub kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam tsim nyog cov dej kho. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov nrog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Kev Kho Dej Kho Dej.
4. Yuav siv pes tsawg xyoo rov qab osmosis membrane cov ntsiab lus?
Lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm daim nyias nyias nyob ntawm cov tshuaj stability ntawm daim nyias nyias, lub cev stability ntawm lub caij, lub cleanability, dej qhov chaw ntawm lub inlet, pretreatment, tu zaus, lub lag luam tswj theem, thiab lwm yam. , feem ntau nws yog ntau tshaj 5 xyoo.
5. Qhov txawv ntawm qhov rov qab osmosis thiab nanofiltration yog dab tsi?
Nanofiltration yog cov kua membrane sib cais tshuab ntawm thim rov qab osmosis thiab ultrafiltration. Rov qab osmosis tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nrog qhov hnyav ntawm molecular tsawg dua 0.0001 μ m. Nanofiltration tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj nrog qhov hnyav molecular txog 0.001 μ m. Nanofiltration yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab rov qab osmosis, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov dej huv huv tom qab kev kho mob tsis yog tshwj xeeb. Nanofiltration yog tsim los kho cov dej zoo thiab cov dej saum npoo av. Nanofiltration muaj feem xyuam rau cov dej kho tshuab nrog siab desalination tus nqi uas tsis tsim nyog xws li rov qab osmosis. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov khoom tawv tawv, qee zaum hu ua "softened membrane". Kev khiav hauj lwm siab ntawm nanofiltration system yog tsawg, thiab lub zog noj yog tsawg dua li ntawm cov coj rov qab osmosis system.
6. Kev sib cais muaj peev xwm ntawm membrane tshuab yog dab tsi?
Rov qab osmosis yog cov kua pom tseeb tshaj plaws tam sim no. Lub rov qab osmosis membrane tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov inorganic molecules xws li cov ntsev soluble thiab cov organic uas muaj qhov hnyav dua li 100. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov dej molecules tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov rov qab osmosis daim nyias nyias, thiab kev tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm cov ntsev ib txwm soluble yog> 95- 99%. Kev khiav hauj lwm siab yog li ntawm 7bar (100psi) thaum lub inlet dej yog brackish dej mus rau 69bar (1000psi) thaum lub inlet dej yog seawater. Nanofiltration tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov impurities ntawm cov khoom ntawm 1nm (10A) thiab cov organic teeb meem nrog qhov hnyav molecular ntau dua 200 ~ 400. Tus nqi tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom soluble yog 20 ~ 98%, cov ntsev uas muaj univalent anions (xws li NaCl lossis CaCl2) yog 20 ~ 80%, thiab cov ntsev uas muaj bivalent anions (xws li MgSO4) yog 90 ~ 98%. Ultrafiltration tuaj yeem cais cov macromolecules loj dua 100 ~ 1000 angstroms (0.01 ~ 0.1 μ m). Tag nrho cov ntsev soluble thiab cov molecules me me tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm ultrafiltration membrane, thiab cov khoom uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm muaj xws li colloids, proteins, microorganisms thiab macromolecular organics. Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm feem ntau ultrafiltration membranes yog 1000 ~ 100000. Qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom tshem tawm los ntawm microfiltration yog li 0.1 ~ 1 μ m. Feem ntau, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov khoom loj loj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thaum macromolecules thiab soluble ntsev tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm microfiltration membrane. Lub microfiltration membrane yog siv los tshem tawm cov kab mob, micro flocs lossis TSS. Lub siab ntawm ob sab ntawm daim nyias nyias yog feem ntau 1 ~ 3 bar.
7. Dab tsi yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm silicon dioxide concentration ntawm rov qab osmosis membrane inlet dej?
Qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai concentration ntawm silicon dioxide nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, pH tus nqi thiab nplai inhibitor. Feem ntau, qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai ntawm cov dej ntshiab yog 100ppm yam tsis muaj nplai inhibitor. Qee qhov scale inhibitors tuaj yeem tso cai rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm silicon dioxide nyob rau hauv cov dej concentrated yog 240ppm.
8. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm chromium ntawm RO zaj duab xis yog dab tsi?
Qee cov hlau hnyav, xws li chromium, yuav ua rau oxidation ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine, yog li ua rau irreversible degradation ntawm daim nyias nyias. Qhov no yog vim Cr6 + tsis ruaj khov dua Cr3 + hauv dej. Nws zoo nkaus li tias qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlau ions nrog cov nqi oxidation siab yog muaj zog dua. Yog li ntawd, qhov concentration ntawm chromium yuav tsum tau txo nyob rau hauv lub pretreatment seem los yog tsawg kawg yog Cr6 + yuav tsum tau txo mus rau Cr3 +.
9. Dab tsi ntawm pretreatment feem ntau yuav tsum tau rau RO system?
Cov txheej txheem ua ntej kev kho mob ib txwm muaj cov lim dej ntxhib (~ 80 μ m) kom tshem tawm cov khoom loj, ntxiv cov oxidants xws li sodium hypochlorite, tom qab ntawd ua kom pom zoo los ntawm ntau cov xov xwm lim los yog cov lus qhia meej, ntxiv oxidants xws li sodium bisulfite kom txo cov chlorine seem, thiab thaum kawg txhim kho lub lim kev ruaj ntseg ua ntej qhov nkag ntawm lub twj tso kua mis siab. Raws li lub npe implies, lub lim kev nyab xeeb yog qhov kawg kev pov hwm kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo loj hais los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub twj tso kua mis siab impeller thiab daim nyias nyias. Cov dej uas muaj cov khoom raug tshem tawm ntau dua feem ntau xav tau kev kho kom zoo dua kom ua tau raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov dej ntws; Rau cov dej uas muaj cov ntsiab lus hardness siab, nws raug nquahu kom siv softening lossis ntxiv acid thiab nplai inhibitor. Rau cov dej uas muaj cov microbial siab thiab cov ntsiab lus organic, cov pa roj carbon activated lossis tiv thaiv cov pa phem yuav tsum tau siv.
10. Puas tuaj yeem thim rov qab osmosis tshem tawm cov kab mob xws li kab mob thiab kab mob?
Rov Qab Osmosis (RO) yog heev ntom heev thiab muaj tus nqi tshem tawm heev thiab cov kab mob, tsawg dua ntau dua 3 lub cav (tshem tawm> 99.9%). Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv ntau zaus, cov kab mob tseem tuaj yeem rov ua dua ntawm cov dej ua rau sab ntawm daim nyias nyias, uas feem ntau yog nyob ntawm txoj kev sib dhos, kev saib xyuas thiab tu. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub peev xwm ntawm lub kaw lus tshem tawm cov kab mob nyob ntawm seb qhov kev tsim qauv, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj hwm puas tsim nyog es tsis yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim nyias nyias nyias.
11. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov dej tawm los yog dab tsi?
Qhov siab dua qhov kub yog, qhov siab dua cov dej tawm los yog, thiab vice versa. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab dua, kev khiav hauj lwm siab yuav tsum tau qis kom cov dej tawm los tsis hloov, thiab rov ua dua.
12. Particle thiab colloid pollution yog dab tsi? Yuav ntsuas li cas?
Thaum cov fouling ntawm cov khoom thiab cov colloids tshwm sim nyob rau hauv rov qab osmosis los yog nanofiltration system, cov dej tawm los ntawm daim nyias nyias yuav raug cuam tshuam loj heev, thiab qee zaum tus nqi desalination yuav raug txo. Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm colloid fouling yog qhov nce ntawm qhov system sib txawv siab. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom los yog colloids nyob rau hauv lub membrane inlet dej qhov chaw txawv ntawm qhov chaw, feem ntau suav nrog cov kab mob, sludge, colloidal silicon, hlau corrosion khoom, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv pretreatment ib feem, xws li polyaluminum chloride, ferric chloride los yog cationic polyelectrolyte. , kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau fouling yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv cov lus qhia meej lossis cov lim dej tawm.
13. Yuav ua li cas los txiav txim qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txhim kho brine foob nplhaib ntawm daim nyias nyias?
Lub nplhaib brine foob rau ntawm daim nyias nyias yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov dej nkag ntawm lub caij, thiab qhov qhib tau ntsib cov dej nkag. Thaum lub nkoj siab tau noj nrog dej, nws qhov qhib (duab ntug) yuav qhib ntxiv kom kaw tag nrho cov dej ntws los ntawm cov txheej membrane mus rau sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub nkoj siab.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-14-2022